![]() ![]() However, ozone is also an air pollutant when it is close to the surface (smog) and an important greenhouse gas when it is around the tropopause. Ozone in the stratosphere is the Earth's natural shield for the damaging UV radiation from the sun. For ESA’s EarthCARE mission (launch 2024) we are developing lidar algorithms and developing high-quality synthetic data for EarthCARE L2 algorithm development and testing. Data on absorbing aerosols can be found on the TEMIS website.Īctive remote sensing is needed to determine the vertical structure of clouds and aerosols. Using the O2 A-band we also monitor the height of aerosol plumes. We monitor absorbing aerosols, like volcanic ash, desert dust and smoke using satellite observations of UV, visible, and near-infrared radiation. For aviation, volcanic ash is an important threat. For cloud correction of trace gas retrievals, we determine cloud height from O2 A-band spectra using the FRESCO algorithm applied to GOME, GOME-2, SCIAMACHY, and TROPOMI data.Īerosols are an important component of air pollution and affect the radiative balance of the Earth. We determine cloud physical properties and solar radiation using the CPP algorithm from SEVIRI and AVHRR for nowcasting, climate monitoring, and model evaluation. Clouds, aerosols, and radiationĬlouds are strong regulators of the Earth's radiative balance, and play a key role in the hydrologic cycle by determining precipitation and evaporation. NOx and NH3 emissions are especially interesting for the nitrogen cycle, while the CO2 and CH4 emissions are derived to study the carbon cycle. For air quality monitoring emissions of NOx, NH3, SO2, and CH4 are derived from satellite observations. The satellite retrieval products are also used in inversion algorithm to derive quantitative emissions. We perform retrievals of tropospheric NO2 from TROPOMI, OMI and GOME-2, which are assimilated in global and regional air quality forecast systems. The R&D Satellite Observations department has some capacity to accommodate Visiting Scientists, see this page for more information.Īir quality is determined by the presence of short-lived trace gases, mainly O3 and NO2, and aerosols, which affect human health and climate. More information can be found in the department brochure and in the department infographic. Our projects are often conducted in collaboration with various national and international partners, and are funded by both national and international agencies, including NSO, EUMETSAT, ESA, and the EU. We also perform work in preparation of the new atmospheric composition satellite missions Sentinel-4 and Sentinel-5,and CO2M, as well as for mission candidates including Nitrosat and TANGO. In addition, our department participates in several international science and mission advisory groups. Our division holds the Principal Investigatorship for OMI, launched in 2004 on NASA's EOS-Aura satellite, and for TROPOMI, launched in 2017 on ESA's Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite. To evaluate satellite observations we also operate ground-based instruments and have organized specific campaigns in cooperation with other KNMI departments and numerous external partners (for example the CINDI campaigns held at the Cabauw measurement site). Our data products are used for weather forecasting, climate analysis, environmental monitoring as well as many other atmospheric research studies. We prepare new satellite missions, develop calibration and retrieval algorithms, and process and distribute data products to users via the TEMIS, MSGCPP, and Scatterometer data portals. We are also performing work in preparation for the upcoming EarthCARE, MTG, EPS-SG, CO2M, and third-party scatterometer missions. Satellite services co-developed within our department include data from TROPOMI, OMI, Aeolus, GOME-2, SCIAMACHY, SEVIRI, ASCAT, HaiYang series, OSCAT series, and CFOSAT. Our focus themes are (see below on this page) The Satellite Observations department at KNMI studies the composition and dynamics of the global atmosphere using satellite observations of trace gases, aerosols, clouds, and winds.
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